The war in Gaza and a possible attack on Rafah further heighten tensions between Israel and its close ally, the United States. US President Joe Biden has invited Israeli officials to Washington to discuss the Israeli attack plan on Rafah. The Americans have an important means of political pressure at their disposal: the supply of arms to Israel.

Biden has repeatedly said he fears a massacre in Rafah, home to nearly 1.5 million Palestinian refugees. The city in the south of the Gaza Strip is, according to Israel, the last major stronghold of Hamas.

Biden wants Israel to come up with a “credible” plan that guarantees the safety of innocent civilians. But Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused the Biden administration of denying Israel its right to self-defense.

US involvement in Israel is as long-standing as US military support. “Indispensable support for Israel,” says Seeman Wessmann, a researcher on the international arms trade at the Swedish think tank SIPRI. “The United States supplies Israel with all its fighter jets and attack helicopters. Israel does not manufacture them itself, only the United States provides them. In addition, the weapons under these planes often come from the United States. .”

For the United States, Israel is an important ally and strategic military partner in the Middle East. This is evident from US military support of more than three billion dollars a year. “That’s the only money Israel has to buy weapons in America,” says Wessman.

According to Weissman, the data shows that large quantities of weapons were also ordered in 2023. These include 25 F-35 and 25 F-15 fighter jets, guided missiles, all-terrain vehicles, anti-tank missiles and Apache attack helicopters. Weissman: “Israel simply cannot do without America’s weapons and military and financial support.”

But there are Rumors Weissman says that recently fewer weapons are going to Israel. “The Americans are keeping their mouths shut, but it’s clear that the Biden administration doesn’t like Israel’s approach in Gaza, which has caused a lot of civilian casualties. It’s incompatible with modern warfare and domestic opinion has problems with it.”

Josh Paul is responsible for arms deliveries to allies like Israel on behalf of the US State Department. Until he resigned shortly after the conflict between Israel and Hamas erupted. “Because US-supplied weapons should not be used to kill thousands of civilians. When I tried to raise these concerns, there was no interest in that conversation, no room for debate. At least now I’m not participating. To the death of thousands of Palestinian civilians.”

Paul says most of the bombs dropped on Gaza were American bombs. “We have a tremendous amount of guilt in this, but also a tremendous amount of influence.” Although he does not think his country will stop supplying arms to Israel. “Certainly not while this conflict is going on. It’s been a long time since the US used its influence to put pressure on Israel.”

Paul believes his country should no longer be on the sidelines. According to him, there is no military solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. “In the long run, this has huge implications for the United States. For the rules-based international order,” he says. “It harms America’s ability to mobilize allies and partners around the world. We believe that for reasons like the security of Ukraine and our relationships in the Middle East.”

Biden referred to the Israeli attack on Rafah A television interview Another ‘red line’ last weekend. According to Paul, isn’t that a hint that the attack will have consequences for US arms supply? “The moment Israel attacks Rafah, it’s too late to apply that pressure.”